Sexual images in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market Essay Example

Sexual images in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market Paper In reading Christina Rossettis Goblin Market, I was first impressed by the colourful imagery and exciting events that take place in Rossettis fantastic and mysterious creation. The adventures of Lizzie and Laura, and Lizzies ultimate act of heroism at saving her sister from becoming another victim of evil goblin men, was fun to skim through quickly and enjoy on a surface level. But when I read the poem again, I noticed some serious sexual undertones throughout the piece. The goblin men and what they represented, their dealings with the sisters, and the sacrifices their victims must ake all carry very sexual meanings and messages. In fact, I think many of the images in Goblin Market could be construed, in todays world, as a form of pornography. Ill go through various elements of the poem and explain how the representation of men the bonds of women can be interpreted as pornographic. Christina Rossetti invented the characters of the goblin men in order to explore many of the issues associated with feminism and gender roles in society. The goblin men directly represent what men want from women. Men want sexual innocence from women, the typical male fantasy of the willing virgin is laid out quite clearly. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual images in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual images in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual images in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In contemporary society men gawk over young looking pop icons such as Brittany Spears, and pornographic movies reenact school detention scenarios with women dressed as schoolgirls offering themselves to guidance counselors. The same is true in Goblin Market the men only want virginal young women, and once the fantasy has been lived out for them, they have no more use for the poor female victim, and throw her away. Laura no longer hears the cries of the goblins therefore she is no longer worthy of mens attention. Consequently after premarital loss of virginity, women, like Laura in the oem, feels stripped of her dignity and self-worth, and can no longer go on living the same way again. Other examples of Rossettis portrayal of the goblin men as sexual predators abound throughout the poem. One had a cats face/One whisked a tail/One tramped at a rats pace/One crawled like a snail. Such variety in describing each goblin seems to assert that such devious sexual predators can come in all shapes and sizes, and can easily fool their unsuspecting victims. Rossetti does the same late in the poem when describing the goblins courting of Lizzie: Snail-paced and in a hurry/Parrot-voiced and whistler This demonstrates that sexual predators can use many different methods in seducing a victim. The goblin men also seem to possess biblical qualities as well. Such as when Eve tempts Adam in the Garden of Eden, so do the goblin men try to tempt the virgin maidens with their own forbidden fruit. The men first seem perfectly nice and genuine, but when they are rebuffed they become violent and angry. This too can be said for many sexual predators. The rape scene with Lizzie later in the poem could be looked upon in a contemporary light as the violent outbursts of a scorned man bent on wicked and ainful revenge. Whether Rossetti intentionally depicted the goblin men as such chilling and horrible sexual predators is uncertain. However, it is clear that in Goblin Market, they are most definitely the villains. When the goblin men deal with the sisters, there are some very sexual ideas demonstrated. The objects of desire in the poem, the fruits, are described in an overtly sexual manner, by both the goblin men, and later the sisters themselves. Strong sexual suggestions are used in describing Lauras indulgence in the fruit, in her first encounter with the goblin men. Such sentences as She sucked and sucked and sucked the more. And, She sucked until her lips were sore. Of course like I have mentioned previously, the goblin men have use only for virgins and as part of the same stanza as the fruit sucking, They flung the emptied rinds away. The throwing away of the female victim is also tied into the fruit as the rinds describe the women who have lost their virginity. The fruit is described to be fresh and beautiful and unpecked the women are tempted with the fruit that is supposed to be a joy to eat. It sounds tempting and once had, Laura ants more, she searches for it but is non-existent to the goblins. It sounds much like the age-old story of young men coaxing women into sleeping with them with promises of being around the next day. Laura describes the fruit to her sister, What peaches with a velvet nap. Pellucid grapes without one seed. Which as I would decipher would refer to sex that is not in the intention of procreation. Although the poem has not been given a solid place or time, the activities of the sisters strike me as rural and pre-industrial which might refer to a time when in many cultures sex was strictly an activity to procreate. Like men offer love and passion, the goblin men offer incredible fruit the price however is virginity and the result is being unwanted. As shown in the poem, first by Jeanie and then by Laura, consequences of dealing with the goblin men are very grave, and also bear some very sexual connotations. Jeanie encountered the goblin men and then ached for them until her death. I believe Jeanies death to not be the important part of her story, although it may represent misogynistic genocide, as premarital sex can lead to death in some cultures. What I do believe to be mportant is Jeanies aging and her gravesite. Jeanie was described to have dwindled and grew gray. She became old and unwanted after a single act with the goblins. Age is definitely an important issue to discuss in the realm of women and therefore is mentioned in womens literature. Age used to be of importance for child bearing endurance, today it signifies beauty and the media attacks the self esteem of every women the minute she looks a day over sixteen, refer to any Calvin Klein advertisement. Even more interestingly there is a reference to Jeanies fertility, While to this day no grass will row, where she lies now. It is not hard to understand where this reference is coming from as much of the reason men demanded to marry virgins was to carry a blood line and a women who is not a virgin before marriage would be considered infertile or ruined. The goblins traded fruit for virginity, today virginity is sold as an idea in primetime television, movies, pornography and white wedding dresses. Sexual references come to a peak near the end of the poem during Lauras redemption. It has been read as a lesbian love scene, and acts as the pivotal point of Laura regaining her virginity. They way this part of the poem is written makes it the most erotic but this was where I had to stop and back track rereading very carefully. I reassured myself that these two characters Laura and Lizzie were in fact sisters. They had the sister bond, the female bond, which is reinforced at the very end, and now the bond of lovers. I think Rossetti ignored the incestual side of this love making and used it purely to empower women and display the strengthening of the female bond as well as the absence of men. The three bonds between women are now displayed sisters, friends nd lovers however I cannot ignore the crossover of the sister and lover bond as Rossetti surely must have considered this new addition, the topic of incest. Is the incestual relationship an awakening for both of the women, a chance to experiment and exercise sexual explorations in a harmless way before moving on to marry and have children? It may be just a metaphor that the bond between women is so strong as we read that Lizzie helps Laura regain her virginity. I cant help but see that this eroticism is also representing a male fantasy. Two sisters in the act of lovemaking can very well be read s pornographic if not taboo. Hue Hefner is dating twins, and many movies particularly those that have themes of sex refer to such scenarios. Christina Rossettis Goblin Market a childrens poem, tells a tale of exploration, loss of innocence and redemption through the story of goblin men who sell forbidden fruit. The imagery of the goblin men and their fruit has many sexual and biblical undertones. The story raises issues of the premarital loss of virginity, bonds between women including lesbian relationships and sexual exploration under the thumb f societys view of womens sexuality. The goblin men represent what men want, they offer forbidden fruit which is sweet yet devastating and the price is virginity. The consequence of encountering the goblin men is the loss of control and becoming unwanted. The story touches on many taboos, clearly portraying what men want and what bonds should exist between women. The eroticism of the poem produces images that can be construed as pornographic yet I will concluded that these images are issues that exist even today in our society between men and women, and relationships.

Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Essay Example

Lab Report for n Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Paper Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Paper Add drop of water to aqueous solution that you plan to discard. Make SUre water dissolves then discard. Add ml MM HOSTS to remaining solution and shake. Again, remove the aqueous layer on bottom and discard. Add ml of water to solution and shake. Organic layer on bottom, transfer bottom layer to clean ml vial. Add saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate a little at a time while stirring. Shake and allow layers to separate. Transfer lower alkyl halide layer in ml conical vial using pipette. Dry solution over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Distill dry solution using Hickman still. When distillation complete, weigh the vial and calculate percent yield. Determine the infrared spectrum of product using salt plate. Day 1: First I weighed an empty ml flask with lid = 15. Egg. Then I added the n-butyl alcohol into the flask and weighed that weight = 17. Egg. I can subtract the two values to determine the exact weight of n-butyl alcohol added 17. Egg-15. Egg = 1. Egg n-butyl alcohol. I then added 2. Ml of water and about 2. Egg of sodium bromide to the flask and put it in an ice bath. I slowly added sulfuric acid drop by drop to the solution. Then I removed the flask from the ice bath and placed it in the assembled reflux apparatus and began the heating process for 60 min. After the heating process was complete, I observed that the organic layer of the mixture turned bright red. I extracted the organic layer by removing and discarding the aqueous bottom layer using a pipette. To make sure I had no organic solution in the aqueous extract, I added a drop of water and it dissolved proving that my aqueous extract was just aqueous. I put the remaining solution in a clean ml vial and put it in the freezer. Day 2: After freezing the solution overnight, the organic layer turned a copper/brown color. I added ml of HOSTS to the vial and the two layers formed with the organic layer on top. Removed and discarded the aqueous solution using a pipette. I then added ml of H2O and two layers formed with the organic layer on the bottom. Using a pipette I transferred the bottom layer too clean ml vial. Then added ml of sodium bicarbonate a little at a time, shaking and venting frequently. After the layers separated I transferred the lower alkyl halide layer to dry ml vial and dried this solution with granular anhydrous sodium sulfate. Id not have enough alkyl halide layer left to distill, so I weighed it and then performed the IR spectrum with it. Mechanism of Product Synthesis: Results: As previously stated, I did not have enough ending product to perform the distillation so this is the mass of my product without distillation involved. Mass of final product: Mass of product + vial = 21. Egg Mass o f vial only = 20. Egg Mass of product, alkyl layer = 21. Egg-20. Egg The appearance of my product was clear Percent Yield = actual/theoretical x 100 Conclusion: = 0. Egg During this experiment, there were many chances for mistakes. With every extraction of one layer from another, product could have easily been left behind and discarded in the aqueous solution. The opposite could have occurred too. Some of the aqueous solution could have ended up in the ending product, which would have prevented accuracy in the weights. Both of these errors could explain why my percent yield is so low. Every time you transfer the product into another container you risk losing some of it behind in the process.

Obama being presidentelect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obama being presidentelect - Essay Example The answer is twofold. Obama was elected because of a) changing times and attitudes and b) his position on Iraq war. We have to admit that our younger generation is not as biased as our older generations were when it comes to race. The youth especially in urban areas and big metropolitan cities have come in contact with people from so many countries that they do not even know if there could ever be just one skin color. They know very well that nationals of different countries have been contributing to the growth of the country and hence consider them as much an American citizen as any. This has had a major impact on Obama's campaign that was all about "change". Obama said from the very beginning that all he wanted was "change". And he as an African American was the very symbol of "Change". A white man in his place talking of change could never have been as effective as him. This is simply because to talk about change, it was important to also represent change and be a symbol of change. That is what people found in Barack Obama's racial background. Another very important thing was Obama's stand on war. ... We need to understand that most countries can fight their own wars and if they cannot, then USA must learn to choose its battles carefully. This is because over the last many years, we have lost hundreds of thousands of our men to senseless wars- to wars that were not even ours. Being a military person, I know how much our country means to us. But when a young person joins the army, he is doing that to protect the country and defend its interests. However over the past 20 years, we have fought wars that had little or nothing to do with United States directly. As the result of this, resentment has grown in people's minds and hearts. They may respect the military but they do not want to see their young boys die in battles that were not even their own. In other words, if a boy dies while fighting to defend his country, it is seen as an honor. But when the same person dies on foreign land, fighting a battle between two countries that he doesn't even belong to, people naturally resent it. This doesn't make them any less patriotic. They only want to see battles chosen carefully so their boys can fight for their own country and not lose their lives in a futile war. This is exactly what has happened during Iraq war. We have lost tens of hundreds of precious lives both in Afghanistan and Iraq. And these wars have been going for a long time now. People are tired of senseless killing and want to see their children come back home. Obama touched people's hearts and souls when he said he would end the war in Iraq and bring those young boys back. Imagine the relief so many mothers and families must have felt upon hearing this. Do you think that with such a claim, anyone else had even a remote chance of

Financial markets and institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial markets and institutions - Essay Example Any commodity market might be considered to be financial market if trader’s intention is not the immediate consumption of the commodity but as a means of delaying or accelerating consumption over time. Markets work by placing many interested sellers in one place, thus making them easier to find for potential buyers. An economy which relies primarily on connections between buyers and sellers to allot capital is known as a market economy. Financial markets are affected by forces of supply and demand, and allot capital over time through a price device such as the interest rate. Financial market could mean: organizations that facilitate the transaction in financial products, (for example, Stock exchanges facilitate the trade in stocks, bonds and warrants) and the coming together of buyers and sellers to trade financial products such as stocks and shares including: the use of stock exchanges; directly between buyers and sellers. There are different types of financial markets: capital market which provide finance through issuance of shares and bonds, commodity market which facilitate the trading of commodities, money market which arrange short term debt financing and investment, derivatives markets that provide instruments for the management of financial risk, insurance markets, which facilitate to cover of various risks and foreign exchange market which facilitate the trading of foreign exchange (Wikipedia, 2006). When looking at a financial institution it might seem to be a mediator between investors and customers. A financial institution might be considered as an agent that provides financial services for its customers. Financial institutions generally fall under financial rule from a government authority. The types of financial institutions include banks, building societies, credit unions, stock brokerages, and similar businesses. Financial institutions give service

Importance of Community Engagement for Children in the State of Assignment

Importance of Community Engagement for Children in the State of Indiana - Assignment Example This paper is a presentation of a journal of an activity I undertook on environmental protection in the State of Indiana. The journal will seek to explain what I did in the activity, the organization I worked with in the activity, how the activity is related with the course, specifically ethics and social responsibility as they relate to environmental issues, and how I feel about the activity. The activity involved planting trees in an activity dubbed â€Å"A tree for a child.† My participation in the initiative was in two phases. First, I participated in raising funds. In doing this, I involved my family members and friends to assist me to raise funds towards supporting the venture. I managed to collect $ 850 that went towards purchasing some trees and some went to the support kitty that supports these children to vocational school or university. Second, I took part in tree planting. Being in America, I had to travel to Indonesia to participate in tree planting. I managed to plant 10 trees, which translates to helping 10 children go to school and assured of food security. A Tree for A Child is a social and environmental initiative whose aim is to alleviate poverty by protecting the environment, which in turn provides food security to the underprivileged children in the society. The program, which is coordinated by ATFAC, an Indonesian, based organization aims at creating awareness to students, corporate and the community at large on the importance of the environmental protection and the education of the underprivileged children. (ATFAC, n.d). The organization welcomes participation from all over the world since, through the initiative, talented underprivileged children get scholarships, food, and medical attention. Environmental degradation is one of the major threats facing humankind in this error. According to Murray (2006), environmental degradation can be understood as depletion or destruction of potentially renewable resources like soil forests of wildlife. Its effects are felt more through carbon emissions and food shortage in the entire world.

The Suggestibility of Child Witnesses

The Suggestibility of Child Witnesses Karpinski and Scullins (2009) study tests whether theory of mind and executive functioning affects childrens inclination to adopt the view asserted by misleading questions under pressured interviews. In addition, effects of age ranging from three to five as a factor of suggestibility was investigated. The procedures required 80 preschoolers, over four sessions, to witness a video and live show prior to a theory of mind test, performance on executive function tasks and a Video Suggestibility Scale for Children (VSSC) to rank them based on assents to misleading questions (Yield), changing of answer after feedback (Shift) and total affirmative answers given after feedback in Shift (Yield 2). The results showed that children performed better in theory of mind and executive tasks functions with increasing age, making them less suggestible. This suggests that older children, by understanding the theory of mind, comprehending that the interviewer might have an existing false belief, and thu s avoids assenting. Through the VSSC, lower Yield 2 scores correlated with poorer executive functioning, which was observed in younger children. Additionally, pressure from the interviewer has shown a higher suggestibility in children. However, the study only studied children from ages three to five, limiting the age group to a smaller range and did not include older children into the study. Moreover, executive functions and theory of mind are not the sole factors of individual differences in children that play a part in suggestibility. Allwood, C. M., Granhag, P. A., Jonsson, A. (2006). Child witnesses metamemory realism. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 47(6), 461-470. The study conducted was to determine the degree of acceptance of confidence judgments to childrens answers regarding a video about a kidnapping event. This was investigated using a sample of 80 children, from 11 to 12 years old. Four confidence scales, the numeric scale, picture scale, line scale and written scale were used. Frequency judgments of the children were also acquired. Prior training was provided to ensure that the children understood the probability scale. Results were that participants show overconfidence over all four confidence scales after calibration. No significant effect was found whether any of the confidence scales had affected the confidence judgment. However, a significant difference was found by comparing genders, with girls being better calibrated that boys to confidence scales, and the girls had a significantly lower frequency judgment than boys. However, both genders had a higher frequency judgment than the number of questions they actually had answered cor rectly. Lastly, by comparing the results obtained from adults who watched the same video in another study by Allwood et al. (2003), it showed that children were more overconfident than adults. However, this comparison to another study cannot promise that the conditions undertook were exactly the same. The study should extend its age range of children to younger children, who are still developing, though it is not known whether they would comprehend the different confidence scales to render it effective to children that age. Warren, A. R., McGough, L. S. (1996). Research on childrens suggestibility: Implications for the investigative interview. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 23(2), 269-303. This review contains consolidated result from various researches to report the best conditions under which childrens recount of experiences would be reliable to use in court. This targets eliminating the possibility of childrens suggestibility. By using the role of the interviewer, the timing of the interview and the process, it emphasizes on points which interviewers should take note of. Specifically, interviewers should not hold any bias, nor ask misleading questions. This should also be coupled with a non-biased response and building ground rules such as the acceptance of unsure as a response. Repetition of questions are not encouraged, though it may require several sessions before details are noted. As for interviews, delays would result in more errors in recalling, especially in children. Video recorded interviews are welcomed, serving as evidence in court for reliability and a source for children to remember previous interviews. For the interview process, guidelines do include the necessity of building rapport with the child and allow free-recall of events, as they give higher accuracy of memory. One method widely encouraged is the cognitive interview. Though anatomically correct dolls are not endorsed, age-appropriate language can be used to encourage the child to indicate abused body parts. Lastly, the interview should be done in stress free environment. Though these information would greatly help interviewers, the best formula is to allow states to train specialists in interviewing children or building specific protocol for other interviewers to follow. 4. Quas, J. A., Goodman, G. S., Ghetti, S. Redlich, A. D. (2000). Questioning the child witness: What can we conclude from the research thus far? Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 1(3), 223-249. The study review conducted a summary of researches and their association to investigating child witnesses. First, the articles reported differences in development between younger and older children. It was found that younger children are more suggestible due to poorer recall. However, preschoolers are proficient in script memory, although it is limited to repeated events. Also, though children can recall memory, they have difficulty putting the memory into a logical structure. This is limited by their source memory. The relationship between stress and memory has not been significantly proven, but children who are more distressed may have a lower recall due to a third factor, such as attention. Trauma, especially repeated ones, are not found to hinder memory. Another idea to factor in is general knowledge, where knowledge consistent to what the child knows is encoded in memory easily. Next, suggestibility was discussed. It was revealed that free-recall allows children to give accurate memories, given that no false information was given prior to recall. However, when false information was given repeatedly, childrens suggestibility increased. Thirdly, individual differences in children was reviewed. It concluded that other than age, internal characteristics of the child can affect the quality of the information elicited. Suggestibility has been related to dual representation, source memory and imaginativeness of the child. Though much has been concluded from previous studies, there are certain areas which have not been researched or little research have been done on those areas. 5. Lyon, T. D., Saywitz, K. J. (2006). From post-mortem to preventive medicine: Next steps for research on child witness. Journal of Social Issues, 62(4), 833-861. The current paper looks into future researches that can be done regarding the suggestibility of child witnesses. It proposes to researchers not to only keep abreast of current researches but also develop new models. The study agrees source monitoring training can be conducted to decrease suggestibility in younger children. Due to reluctance of some children to admit to abuse, research can look into factors affecting such victims and methods to allay the symptoms. Also, researches should encompass older children, other than preschoolers. Moreover, laboratory results should be brought out into the field to test its validity. Through combination of field and laboratory work, methods can be refined to bring about better policies. Additionally, recantation, an important topic in child witnesses, is a subject yet to be researched. Similarly, sequencing of recall in children and the extent of display or description of emotions when interviewed can be researched. A lucrative area can be to d iscover methods to allow both therapy and legal proceedings to coexist simultaneously without increasing suggestibility. Lastly, the paper suggests that instead of looking to sexual abuse cases, researchers should acknowledge that there are large proportions of non-sexual cases that can be looked into. However, authors should note that these researches must be applied to the field in order to be rendered effective. It requires policymakers and researchers to come together to allow such cooperation. Through such partnerships, interview processes can be improved to reduce suggestibility.

Dinosaur Extinction Essay examples -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A number of different theories have been assessed throughout the course of this research to attempt to reach a conclusion as to the reason behind the extinction of the Tyrannosaurus Rex. Although all arguments are credible, and supportive with educated information and data, the most conclusive theory of all is The Alvarez Asteroid Impact theory.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alvarez, a researcher at the University of California, discovered a pencil thin layer of Iridium around the rocks in Gubbio, Italy. (New Scientist, 1) Iridium is an element found in meteorites and asteroids. In 1980 it was proven that the layer if Iridium was evidence of a huge comet or meteorite that crashed into the earth sixty five million years ago. The normal amount of Iridium an area is to have is 0.001 on an average. The layer of Iridium found in Gubbio Italy was 0.003. Thirty times the average amount in parts per million. (New Scientist, 1) The theory of the Alvarez Asteroid states that the strength of this comet is at 10,000 times the explosive power of the global nuclear arsenal. The Alvarez Asteroid theory is the leading explanation as to why the amazing dinosaur creatures died millions of years ago, along with many other animals of the Earth's Crustaceous Period.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The extinction of the Tyrannosaurus Rex was obviously due to the same reason. Every other living species was killed sixty five million years ago. Although it is believed that the asteroid theory is the cause of extinction of the Crustaceous Period, we cannot be positive. The environmental effects of this problem were that the dinosaurs living during this period perished from the earth and their extinction remains a mystery to us to this day. All we can do to reenact what happened is use the technology we have in the twenty first century to find more evidence to see what went wrong so long ago. By discovering things like what happened to the Tyrannosaurus Rex we can use this information to prevent an event such as a mass extinction from happening a second time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although it is impossible to rewrite history, we still have to be careful to prevent a catastrophe like the asteroid said to have hit the earth sixty five million years ago. If there is ever a scare of an asteroid as big as the Alvarez Asteroid, one way of preventin... ...d at least seven tons and were over forty feet long. The T-Rex was the largest meat-eating dinosaur. The teeth of the T-Rex are thick and sharp for the killing of its prey. The T-Rex was also very fast; in fact it could outrun any species of dinosaur if it was hungry enough. Scientists have also found that the Tyrannosaurus was also very smart, it would outwit any prey if it needed a snack, even the Gigantosaurus the only dinosaur that is bigger than the T-Rex wasn't smarter than the king. (Highlights, 22)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Tyrannosaurus Rex was a very smart and interesting dinosaur and it is unfortunate that we will never be able to see one. The extinction of dinosaurs was brought on by the Alvarez Theory. It is great to know what actually happened to them now, and also know how to prevent such an occurrence from happening again. If our country uses the technology it has available it will be possible to find out more about the mass extinction of the Crustaceous Period. As the years pass technology becomes more advanced and we will eventually know everything there is to know about what happened sixty five million years ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚